Expert tips on updating pre-war apartments, historic brownstones, and more
Whether you’re redesigning a pre-war apartment in New York City or renovating a historic townhouse in Boston, updating an older home is no small task. These spaces often come with original details worth preserving—soaring ceilings, crown molding, antique hardware—that give them their character and charm. But blending that old-world appeal with modern comforts takes care and intention.
To help you navigate the process, Redfin gathered tips from preservationists, interior designers, and renovation experts who specialize in striking the perfect balance between historic integrity and contemporary living.
1. Honor the story before you update
“When I start a historic rehabilitation project, I begin with curiosity and respect for the home’s story,” says Kate Wood of Worth Preserving. “The goal is to identify the character-defining elements—original millwork, vintage hardware, how light moves through old glass—and protect those. Then, integrate modern comforts in ways that feel quiet and compatible, not competitive. It’s okay to see the layers—contemporary kitchens or systems—if they’re in dialogue with the past. That’s how we add comfort without erasing the soul.”
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2. Blend old and new with intentional contrast
“Preserving character while introducing modern comfort isn’t about compromise—it’s about contrast done right,” says Nick Smith, founder of Smithers. “Keep the architectural details that define the home—original wood paneling, heritage moldings, sash windows—and build around them with contemporary pieces that enrich, not compete. Sculptural lighting, sleek tech, or a velvet wingback chair can create intentional friction. I’ve seen it work beautifully—a client kept their Georgian paneling, then added a smoked glass bar and a neon fireplace sign. It was unexpected—and it worked.”
3. Upgrade what’s hidden, preserve what’s seen
“To preserve a historic home’s character while updating it, we modernize the systems you don’t see—like framing, HVAC, plumbing, and electrical—using efficient, safe materials,” says Nick from Morning Star Construction. “For the visible parts, we blend refurbished original elements with new materials that match the home’s style. In one project, we installed reclaimed 200-year-old barn beams over a vaulted kitchen ceiling to bridge the old with a sleek, modern layout. We often salvage key details like moldings, beams, or antique hardware, and if that’s not possible, we replicate them with stock or custom pieces. In a recent 1700s renovation, we replaced the subfloor with modern materials for strength, but kept the original 300-year-old floorboards as a decorative border—honoring the past while improving function.”
4. Let the builder’s story inspire your design
“When renovating a historic home, learning about the original builder and their ties to the town can guide meaningful design choices,” says Justin Rule, owner of Freedom Home in Columbia, PA. “It’s a way to breathe new life into a space while respecting its roots. Historic homes give us the chance to retell a story by blending old and new elements with care. From decor to furnishings, the walls really can speak again.”
5. Update thoughtfully without erasing history
“When updating historic homes, I focus on preserving period character through custom millwork and cabinetry that reflect traditional craftsmanship,” says Jeremy Rosier of Rosier Restorations. “In kitchens, I often use flush-mount cabinets with inset doors and vintage-style hardware to mimic early hutches. I also open walls to improve flow but carefully salvage and reinstall original trim and molding. It’s a dance between honoring the past and embracing the present.”
6. Let historic layouts inspire bold choices
“When designing for a historic home, I lean into the original layout, using modern colors and materials to give each room a strong personality,” says Ashley Christensen of LINDY DESIGN BUILD. “Since historic homes often feature distinct, enclosed spaces, I can be bold with patterns and color while maintaining cohesion. I introduce new fixtures and finishes that respect original features—whether through scale, material, or finish. For example, I might use a modern floral mural in a dining room or add contemporary lighting scaled to the room’s original intent. When character details are missing, I love reintroducing them to restore the home’s essence.”
7. Understand the home’s original architectural style
“When updating a historic home, it’s essential to understand its architectural style and let its character-defining features—like windows and decorative details—guide your decisions,” says Christopher Merritt of the Utah State Historic Preservation Office. “Modernizing should be done in a way that respects the home’s integrity, using resources like the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation. Even well-meaning updates like repointing brick can cause damage if done improperly. Your state’s SHPO can provide guidance, and books like A Field Guide to American Houses are helpful tools for understanding historic design.”
8. Blend eras to create a lived-in feel
“Our goal in converting a historic church into a home was to respect the craftsmanship of the past without being restricted by it,” says Lynn Pechuekonis, owner of Rockhaven B&B. “We preserved standout wood features like windows, floors, and moldings—materials far better than what’s available today. While modernizing systems and adding technology, we mixed in furniture from multiple eras and repurposed original elements. Oak pews became wall paneling, and Murano glass lights were grouped above the dining table. It’s all about layering comfort with history in a way that feels intentional and lived-in.”
9. Walk the space before you renovate
“Before starting any renovation, we walked through our historic home multiple times to understand how people would actually move through the space,” says Mary Smalling, owner of Banks Bed and Breakfast. “We didn’t demo a thing until we had that clarity. Just as important, we saved every piece of original wood—even hidden boards under floors or inside walls—for potential reuse. That’s how we ended up crafting a fireplace mantel from a salvaged floor joist. Preserving materials gave us design flexibility without sacrificing authenticity.”
10. Restore historic windows for beauty and efficiency
“Restoring original wood windows can give you another century of historic charm, energy efficiency, and functional airflow,” says the team at Preservation Science. “When finished with SealCoat, the natural wood remains visible and protected from UV damage—no repainting needed. Missing panes? Glass artisans can replicate original lites with precision. And with proper weatherstripping, historic windows can perform just as well as modern thermal replacements.”
11. Modernize without losing the soul of the home
“At Brothers Builders and Restoration, we specialize in blending modern design with the timeless charm of historic Charleston homes,” the team explains. “Our clients often update kitchens and bathrooms with sleek features while preserving original moldings, trim, and flooring. In one project, we restored original heart pine floors with a flat, invisible finish—maintaining their character while giving the space a subtle modern touch. It’s this careful balance of old and new that defines our craftsmanship.”
14. Let history and technology live side by side
“When working on historic homes, I focus on preserving original craftsmanship while enhancing functionality for today’s lifestyles,” says Richard Adamski of Old Bridge Real Estate. “I retain defining features like moldings, hardwood floors, and wainscoting, while adding modern conveniences such as shaker cabinetry or smart lighting. These elements can live in harmony when designed with care. The goal is always to create a space where the old and new feel naturally connected.”
13. Preserve integrity through preventative care
“One of the best ways to preserve a historic home is to stay on top of maintenance,” says Joseph Marraccino of J&R Restoration. “Leaks and damages should be addressed immediately—and always by licensed professionals skilled in the proper trades. Prompt attention helps retain original materials, which is essential to maintaining a home’s historic integrity.”
14. Find your home’s original blueprints
“Before making upgrades, research your home’s architectural style and era—even try to find the original blueprints,” says Jessica Rudden-Dube, Executive Director of Preservation Massachusetts. “This helps you recognize features worth preserving, from Victorian paint colors to Arts & Crafts fireplace tiles. State historic preservation offices often list experts who can distinguish original elements from later alterations. When you know your home’s character-defining traits, you can modernize thoughtfully. Also, don’t overlook original windows—paired with interior storm inserts, they can be just as efficient as new ones and are far more sustainable.”
15. Retrofit with respect to preserve and protect
“The historic homes of Northwest Philadelphia are deeply connected to the natural Wissahickon landscape,” says Krista Gebbia of the Chestnut Hill Conservancy. “Preserving this legacy starts with researching each home’s architectural and cultural history. Retrofitting with energy-efficient upgrades—like restored wood windows—helps fight climate change without sacrificing character. We recommend working with local contractors who specialize in restoration, and encourage neighbors to share knowledge to ensure updates are both sustainable and historically sensitive.”
16. Bring old systems back to life with new tech
“At Roma & York, we look for ways to integrate new technology without compromising a home’s historic details,” says Ketylina DeRenzis. “We install radiant heating beneath antique floors without damaging them, and we restore old radiators using modern hydronic pumps and piping. This allows homeowners to enjoy modern comfort while preserving original charm.”
17. Restore before replacing—preserve what matters
“When we begin a historic preservation project, we first identify the property’s defining features—original materials, layouts, and architectural details,” says Demion Clinco, CEO of the Tucson Historic Preservation Foundation. “Preserving original elements like tile, cabinetry, and lighting is always our first choice, even if they seem outdated at first. Restoring these features often reveals their enduring charm and value. This approach maintains the home’s authenticity and promotes sustainability, since historic materials typically surpass modern ones in quality.”
18. Don’t strip the soul from your historic home
“The biggest mistakes I see are ripping out original trim, replacing wood windows with poor substitutes, and covering hardwood floors with laminate,” says Franklin Vagnone of Twisted Preservation. “These changes erase the home’s identity and scream cost-cutting flip. If someone wants a historic home, they’re buying character—don’t bait them with charm outside and deliver blandness inside. Keeping authentic features is always worth the time and cost.”
19. Let the home tell you where to modernize
“Before beginning any renovation, I take time to read the building—it often reveals where you can make changes and what deserves protection,” says Sunni L. Goodson from Distinctive Design & Interiors. “Aligning kitchens and bathrooms vertically across floors minimizes disruption and simplifies plumbing. I love pairing modern lighting with ornate millwork for a layered, timeless feel. A balanced 70:30 or 80:20 mix of historic and contemporary design creates warmth and depth. And I always recommend restoring original windows—they’re nearly impossible to replicate and often define the home’s character.”
20. Think creatively so you don’t block the windows and doors
“When updating a historic home, one of the biggest ways to preserve character is by avoiding the elimination or obstruction of original windows and doors,” says Mo Karnage of Karnage Construction. “Even when storage is tight—like in older homes with minimal closet space—it’s often possible to add smart closet solutions without covering up windows or altering the home’s flow. In rooms with high ceilings, consider building vertically with upper storage compartments, and match new finishes to the historic trim for a seamless look. In one tax credit project, we used antique wardrobes instead of building closets, preserving the walls entirely. The key is accepting that not every modern layout makes sense for a historic space—and planning creatively from the start.”
21. Scale additions to complement the original home
“When designing an addition to a historic building, I always preserve character-defining features—especially windows, trim, and original staircases,” says Jeffrey Lees of Jeffrey Lees Architect. “New structures should remain compatible in scale and not overwhelm the original. I often offset new walls, match rooflines, or lower the pitch to protect existing windows and light. Inside, I introduce contrast by opening ceilings or adding exposed beams in new spaces. HVAC and lighting are integrated discreetly, and I remind homeowners that properly scaled furniture is essential to maintaining balance in older homes.”
22. Upgrade discreetly to preserve the past
“My approach is to honor the home’s original layout and materials while subtly enhancing functionality,” says David Schaub of Schaub Projects. “I integrate modern updates—like HVAC, lighting, or smart features—by tucking them behind walls or within existing lines to keep a clean look. Key period details like historic windows, woodwork, and plaster moldings are restored, not replaced. Any new materials are carefully selected to echo the home’s era, so the result feels cohesive. The goal is to elevate comfort while letting the home’s story shine.”
23. Ask the building what it needs
“Renovating older homes means understanding the original intent and figuring out where to modernize without losing soul,” says Mary Brush, FAIA, of BRUSH Architects. “Sometimes the ‘messy’ work—like updating utilities—requires weighing short-term fixes against long-term, sustainable solutions. Any home over 50 years old can be considered historic, including many mid-century properties. What looks obsolete might actually be a standout feature. You just have to ask the building questions—it often tells you what it needs.”
24. Let the house tell you its story first
“Before doing anything, get to know your house—research deed records, talk to neighbors, and learn about its architectural style,” says Ellen Briggs, Founder of Protect Our Past. “Understanding the home’s history will guide your renovation choices and help you recognize what’s worth preserving. Don’t go it alone—hire a preservationist who can tell what’s truly original versus added later. Respect character-defining elements like original windows, exposed beams, and old floors; they tell the story of your home. Be quirky, creative, and resourceful—old homes reward those who make thoughtful, informed updates.”
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25. Respect what’s hidden—it might be worth saving
“There’s no one-size-fits-all formula for historic homes—each one offers its own surprises, challenges, and possibilities,” says Sarah Godbee of Nurture Architects. “We always advocate preserving original materials like fireplaces, built-ins, windows, and doors when possible, but we tailor each project to the home and homeowner. Often, we find hidden gems—like hardwood floors under carpet or original siding beneath layers of renovation. When additions are needed, we help homeowners decide whether to go sleek and modern or align with the home’s original style, based on context and goals. Preservation is about bridging history with livable design.”